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Multiple Myeloma
Myeloma Warriors: Uniting for Strength, Conquering the Fight
At Universal Hospital, we stand with you in the fight against multiple myeloma, offering expertise, compassion, and hope for a brighter future. Your health and well-being are our top priorities. Multiple myeloma is a type of blood cancer that affects plasma cells in the bone marrow.
What is Multiple Myeloma?
Multiple myeloma is a type of cancer that affects plasma cells, a type of white blood cell found in the bone marrow. In multiple myeloma, abnormal plasma cells multiply uncontrollably, crowding out normal blood cells and leading to various complications. It is a relatively rare cancer but is the second most common hematological malignancy.
Risk Factors:
- Age: Multiple myeloma is more common in older adults, with the risk increasing with age.
- Gender: Men are slightly more likely to develop multiple myeloma than women.
- Race: African Americans have a higher risk compared to Caucasians.
- Family History: Having a first-degree relative with multiple myeloma increases the risk.
- Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance (MGUS): MGUS is a precursor condition that may progress to multiple myeloma.
Symptoms:
- Bone Pain: Commonly in the spine, hips, and skull.
- Fatigue: Due to anemia and other blood-related issues.
- Frequent Infections: Weakened immune system.
- Kidney Problems: Caused by the buildup of abnormal proteins.
- Hypercalcemia: High levels of calcium in the blood, lead to symptoms like excessive thirst and frequent urination.
Staging:
Multiple myeloma is often staged using the Revised International Staging System (R-ISS), which classifies patients into three stages based on specific criteria. Here are the three stages:
Stage I:
- Low levels of beta-2 microglobulin (β2M) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH).
- No high-risk cytogenetic abnormalities.
Stage II:
- Does not meet the criteria for Stage I or Stage III.
Stage III:
- High levels of beta-2 microglobulin (β2M) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH).
- High-risk cytogenetic abnormalities.
Diagnosis:
- Blood Tests: Complete blood count (CBC) and serum protein electrophoresis.
- Bone Marrow Biopsy: Examination of a sample of bone marrow to check for abnormal cells.
- Imaging Tests: X-rays, CT scans, or MRI to assess bone damage or lesions.
Treatment:
- Chemotherapy: Systemic drugs to kill or inhibit cancer cells.
- Immunomodulatory Drugs (IMiDs): Targeting the immune system to control cell growth.
- Proteasome Inhibitors: Drugs that interfere with the activity of proteasomes in cancer cells.
- Stem Cell Transplantation: High-dose chemotherapy followed by transplantation of healthy stem cells.
- Monoclonal Antibodies: Targeted therapy that recognizes and attacks specific proteins in cancer cells.
Prevention:
There is no known way to prevent multiple myeloma. Regular check-ups and monitoring for individuals with MGUS or other risk factors are important for early detection.
Prognosis:
Prognosis varies based on the stage at diagnosis, overall health, and response to treatment. Multiple myeloma is a chronic condition, and treatment aims to control the disease and manage symptoms.
Screening:
There is no routine screening for multiple myeloma in the general population. Diagnosis typically occurs when symptoms prompt further investigation.
Why Choose Universal Hospital for Multiple Myeloma Care:
- Specialized Oncology Team: Our Multiple Myeloma Care Center is staffed by a multidisciplinary team of hematologists, oncologists, and supportive care professionals with extensive experience in the diagnosis and treatment of multiple myeloma.
- Cutting-Edge Treatments: Universal Hospital offers state-of-the-art treatments, including targeted therapies, immunotherapy, stem cell transplantation, and participation in clinical trials, ensuring patients have access to the latest advancements in multiple myeloma care.
- Patient-Centered Approach: We prioritize individualized care plans, tailored to each patient’s unique needs, and provide support that extends beyond medical treatment to enhance the overall well-being of our patients.
