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Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma
Together We Triumph: Lymphoma Warriors, Lighting the Path Forward
Welcome to Universal Hospital’s Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Care, where we are dedicated to providing comprehensive care for individuals affected by non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL). Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma is a diverse group of blood cancers that affect the lymphatic system.
What is Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma?
Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma (NHL) is a type of cancer that originates in the lymphatic system, a part of the body’s immune system. NHL is characterized by the abnormal growth of lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell, leading to the formation of tumors in lymph nodes and other lymphatic tissues. There are various subtypes of NHL, each with distinct characteristics and behaviors.
Subtypes of NHL:
There are many subtypes of NHL, categorized based on the type of lymphocyte involved and the characteristics of the cancer cells. Common subtypes include diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, and mantle cell lymphoma.
Risk Factors:
- Age: Incidence increases with age, and NHL is more common in older adults.
- Gender: Males are more frequently affected than females.
- Weakened Immune System: Conditions such as HIV/AIDS or immunosuppressive medications.
- Infections: Certain viral infections, such as Epstein-Barr virus and Helicobacter pylori.
- Chemical Exposure: Prolonged exposure to certain chemicals, such as pesticides and solvents.
Symptoms:
- Enlarged Lymph Nodes: Painful or painless swellings, commonly in the neck, armpits, or groin.
- Fatigue: Resulting from anemia or systemic effects.
- Fever: Often recurrent and unexplained.
- Night Sweats: Profuse sweating during the night.
- Unintentional Weight Loss: Significant weight loss without apparent cause.
- Itchy Skin: Occasionally observed.
Staging:
NHL is staged based on the extent of the disease, ranging from Stage I (localized) to Stage IV (advanced and widespread).
Stage I:
- Cancer is found in one lymph node region or a single organ outside the lymph nodes.
- Further divided into Stage I and Stage IE:
- Stage I: Cancer is limited to one lymph node region.
- Stage IE: Cancer is found in a single extralymphatic organ or site, along with nearby lymph nodes.
Stage II:
- Cancer is found in two or more lymph node regions on the same side of the diaphragm or in one organ and nearby lymph nodes.
- Further divided into Stage II and Stage IIE:
- Stage II: Cancer involves two or more lymph node regions on the same side of the diaphragm.
- Stage IIE: Cancer involves an extralymphatic organ or site and nearby lymph nodes.
Stage III:
- Cancer is found in lymph node regions on both sides of the diaphragm.
- Further divided into Stage III and Stage IIIE:
- Stage III: Cancer involves lymph node regions on both sides of the diaphragm.
- Stage IIIE: Cancer involves extralymphatic organs or tissues on both sides of the diaphragm.
Stage IV:
- Cancer has spread to one or more organs outside the lymphatic system (extranodal involvement) or to distant lymph nodes.
- If the disease involves only the bone marrow and/or liver, it is designated as Stage IVB.
Diagnosis:
- Biopsy: Removal of a sample of lymphatic tissue for examination under a microscope.
- Imaging Tests: CT scans, MRI, or PET scans to visualize the extent of the disease.
- Blood Tests: Including complete blood count (CBC) and tests for specific markers.
Treatment:
- Chemotherapy: Systemic drugs to kill or inhibit cancer cells.
- Immunotherapy: Boosting the immune system to target and eliminate cancer cells.
- Targeted Therapy: Drugs that specifically target certain molecules involved in cancer growth.
- Radiation Therapy: High-dose X-rays to destroy cancer cells, often used for localized disease.
- Stem Cell Transplantation: For certain cases, replacing damaged bone marrow with healthy stem cells.
Prevention:
There are no specific measures for preventing NHL. Reducing exposure to known risk factors and maintaining a healthy lifestyle may contribute to overall well-being.
Prognosis:
- Prognosis in NHL varies widely based on the subtype, stage at diagnosis, and response to treatment. Some types have a more indolent (slow-growing) course, while others can be aggressive.
Screening:
Routine screening for NHL is not performed in the general population. Diagnosis often occurs when symptoms prompt further investigation.
Why Choose Universal Hospital for NHL Care:
- Expert Oncology Team: Our Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Care Center is staffed by a team of hematologists, oncologists, and supportive care professionals with extensive experience in the diagnosis and treatment of NHL.
- Cutting-Edge Treatments: Universal Hospital offers state-of-the-art treatments, including immunotherapy, targeted therapy, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and participation in clinical trials, ensuring patients have access to the latest advancements in NHL care.
- Holistic Patient Care: We prioritize individualized care plans that consider not only the medical aspects of NHL but also the emotional and practical needs of our patients, providing support and resources beyond the treatment room.
